Philippe wanet biography definition
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Salicylate‐containing rubefacients for acute and chronic musculoskeletal pain in adults
Abstract
Background
Rubefacients containing salicylates cause irritation of the skin and are believed to relieve various musculoskeletal pains. They are available on prescription, and are common components in over‐the‐counter remedies. This is an update of a review of rubefacients for acute and chronic pain, originally published in , which found limited evidence for efficacy.
Objectives
To assess the efficacy and safety of topically applied salicylates in acute and chronic musculoskeletal pain in adults.
Search methods
We searched CENTRAL, MEDLINE, and EMBASE, from inception to 22 August , together with the Oxford Pain Relief Database, two clinical trial registries, and the reference lists of included studies and relevant reviews.
Selection criteria
Randomised, double‐blind, placebo‐ or active‐controlled clinical trials of topical rubefacients containing salicylates to treat musculoskele
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Wireless ad hoc network
Decentralized type of wireless network
A wireless ad hoc network[1] (WANET) or mobile ad hoc network (MANET) is a decentralized type of wireless network. The network is ad hoc because it does not rely on a pre-existing infrastructure, such as routers or wireless tillgång points. Instead, each node participates in routing by forwarding uppgifter for other nodes. The determination of which nodes forward information is made dynamically on the basis of network connectivity and the routing algorithm in use.[2]
Such wireless networks lack the complexities of infrastructure setup and ledning, enabling devices to create and join networks "on the fly".[3]
Each device in a MANET fryst vatten free to move independently in any direction, and will therefore change its links to other devices frequently. Each must forward traffic unrelated to its own use, and therefore be a router. The primary challenge in building a MANET is equipping each device
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Abstract
Stem cells are generally believed to contain a small number of mitochondria, thus accounting for their glycolytic phenotype. We demonstrate here, however, that despite an indispensable glucose dependency, human dermal stem cells (hDSCs) contain very numerous mitochondria. Interestingly, these stem cells segregate into two distinct subpopulations. One exhibits high, the other low-mitochondrial membrane potentials (Δψm). We have made the same observations with mouse neural stem cells (mNSCs) which serve here as a complementary model to hDSCs. Strikingly, pharmacologic inhibition of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) increased the overall Δψm, decreased the dependency on glycolysis and led to formation of TUJ1 positive, electrophysiologically functional neuron-like cells in both mNSCs and hDSCs, even in the absence of any neuronal growth factors. Furthermore, of the two, it was the Δψm-high subpopulation which produced more mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS